All About Volcanoes

A volcano is an opening or rupture in a planet’s surface crust which allows hot magma, ash and gases to escape below the surface. It is found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. A geological landform, consisting of fissure in the earth’s crust, above which a cone of volcanic material has accumulated.

A volcano can erupt violently. Some of the active volcanoes in the world are Etna (Italy), Stromboli (Italy), Yasur (Vanuatu), Ambrym (Vanuatu), Tinakula (Solomon Islands), Erta Ale (Ethiopia), Manam (Papua New Guinea), Langila (Papua New Guinea), Bagana (Papua New Guinea), Semeru (Indonesia), Merapi (Indonesia), Dukono (Indonesia), Sakura-jima (Japan), Suwanose-jima (Japan), Santa Maria (Guatemala), Pacaya (Guatemala), Arenal (Costa Rica), Sangay (Ecuador), Erebus (Antarctica), Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion) and Kituaea (Hawaii).

Volcanoes have six different categories. This are Shield volcanoes, Cinder volcanoes, Stratovolcanoes, Submarine volcanoes, Subglacial volcanoes and the most powerful volcano the Supervolcano.

Shield volcanoes are named for their broad, shield-like profiles, and are formed by the eruption of low-viscosity lava that can flow a great distance from a vent. This does not explode catastrophically.

Cinder volcanoes are results from the eruptions that erupt mostly small pieces of scoria and pyroclastics. Scoria and pyroclastics are both cinder resemblance.

Stratovolcanoes or composite volcanoes are tall conical mountains composed of lava flows and other ejecta in alternate layers. Stratovolcanoes are made up of cinders, ash and lava.

Submarine volcanoes are volcanoes that many of the features are located on the ocean floor. Some are active and in shallow water. Hydrothermal vents and some support peculiar ecosystems based on dissolved minerals are commonly found near in these kind of volcanoes.

Subglacial volcanoes are volcanoes that develops underneath icecaps. These kinds of volcanoes are also called table mountains, tuyas or mobergs.

Supervolcanoes is a very large volcano that eruption can be catastrophic and can be potentially damage or produce enormous devastation.

Volcanic eruptions is the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material. During eruption, lava, ash and some solid pieces of rocks are expelled from volcanic vent or fissure. Volcanic eruptions are of different types. This can be Phreatic, Rhyolite flow, Basalt flow, Pyroclastic flow and Lahar or Mud flow.

Individual volcanoes are described as being active or currently erupting, dormant or not currently active and extinct or not expected to ever erupt again.